Efficient use of renewable energy sources and reduction of carbon dioxide emissions depend on the advancement of long-duration energy storage technology. This study explores how the aqueous Na-CO2 battery deactivates and reactivates during extended cycling. Comprehensive characterization reveals valuable insights into the decomposition products. We demonstrate a technique involving electrochemical processes to renew these water-based cells. Gained insights pave the way for the development of self-healing systems with extended lifespans.

Sodium-ion batteries are set to transform utility-scale energy storage systems (BESS.) Utilizing NFPP (Na₄Fe₃(PO₄)₂P₂O₇) cathode and hard carbon (HC) anode provides outstanding cycling stability and critical safety advantages, enabling the safe placement of energy storage systems closer to city centers and high-demand areas, reducing transmission costs and improving grid efficiency. At the system level, the energy density of NFPP/HC sodium-ion batteries is highly competitive, ensuring optimal footprint and cost-efficiency while delivering robust performance. With lower raw material costs and improved thermal stability, these sodium-ion batteries are well-positioned to meet the immediate needs for sustainable, utility-scale energy storage solutions. 

An aqueous battery with very high energy density, that is 180 Wh/Kg. Alternative to LFP batteries, with comparable cycle life, but with a 25% cost reduction. R&D pathways to resolve the technical issues traditionally associated with such batteries, namely dendrite formation, free bromine corrosion and electrode damage.

Sodium-sulfur (NAS) batteries have a 20-year history of providing reliable power. Due to their containerized nature, NAS can be easily scaled to any size for utility-scale requirements, and they can operate in extreme weather conditions without additional efforts for cooling or heating. Through this presentation, I will explain how NAS batteries are a good fit for operators looking to prepare their grids for the challenges in the years to come.

As grid connected stationary energy storage continues to deploy at scale worldwide, the lithium-ion industry has many opportunities to advance safety, performance, and reliability. We will discuss a few of these opportunities and outline how industry research can bring demonstrable advantages to facilitating ESS projects.

As batteries age, their storage capacity decreases over time. An augmentation plan ensures that a storage project will meet electricity needs throughout the life of the installation. Uncertainties involved with predicting battery degradation and future demand make it challenging to decide how much capacity to include up front and what to plan to add later. There are also technical challenges to adding new versions of energy storage to older technologies on an existing site. This presentation will explore different augmentation approaches, and the concept of designing an energy storage site up-front for augmentation.

The stationary storage market continues to be fastest growing battery demand market, with deployments in the US and Canada more than doubling in H1 2024 compared to the same period in 2023. The session will look to address several key questions: What are the biggest opportunities and challenges for the stationary storage market? What is the outlook for sodium ion, flow batteries and other alternative tech? Who are the key and emerging players in the BESS market and what new technologies are being deployed?

This presentation focuses on the commercial application of energy storage and economic potential of hybrid energy storage systems for multi-energy trading and arbitrage in electricity markets. Optimization model to maximize profits was developed to estimate the financial returns by finding a suitable hybrid energy system configuration and trading pattern. A case study of Li-ion battery and Reversible Fuel Cells was developed to evaluate the trading economics for electricity and hydrogen arbitrage in the United States. This research expands the horizon of economically viable avenues for grid-scale energy storage adoption and for planning for future grid-scale energy storage systems.

Energy storage is widely expected to be a key technology for maintaining grid reliability and reducing total system costs over a multidecadal time frame. Understanding the opportunities and challenges facing energy storage requires modeling at various geographic and temporal scales and resolutions. This presentation focuses on the application of long-term capacity expansion planning modeling to understanding the role of grid-scale energy storage in the U.S. electricity sector across multiple potential futures, representing different electrification and technology mix pathways.